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Densidad de siembra, distancia entre hileras e hÃbridos y su efecto sobre el rendimiento en grano de maÃz (Zea mays L.) y sus componentes / Juan Pablo Pontet
TÃtulo : Densidad de siembra, distancia entre hileras e hÃbridos y su efecto sobre el rendimiento en grano de maÃz (Zea mays L.) y sus componentes Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Juan Pablo Pontet, Autor ; MarÃa Josefina Trobo, Autor ; MatÃas Guigou, Autor Editorial: Fca - Ude Fecha de publicación: 2020 Número de páginas: 89 p. Nota general: Tutores: Carballo, Carolina; Artigas, Manuel
Idioma : Español (spa) Idioma original : Español (spa) Palabras clave: high yield corn, plant spacing, irrigated agriculture, crop structure. Resumen: Corn (Zea mays) is among the three cereals with the highest production volume
worldwide. It is used as human food, animal feed, in bioethanol industry,
biomaterials and milling among others. In addition it possesses high yield and
growth potential, great biomass production, it is very efficient in growing and
yielding, but very sensitive to stress, hence its high ability to respond under
appropriate management practices. The objective of this research was to
evaluate the grain yield in kilograms per hectare under different plant spacings
(distance between rows*population), using different hybrids (NEXT 20.6, NEXT
22.6, DK 7210). The experimental area of 3.6 ha comprised three blocks of 1.2
ha each, and sowing was carried out on September 28, 2018 in a farm near the
city of Dolores, Soriano, Uruguay. It was established on a corn stubble, in an
environment with a high agricultural potential, with a central pivot irrigation
system and under optimal fertilization levels according to previous soil analysis.
The experiment was laid out in three partially randomized blocks, with split-split
plots, consisting of 18 treatments arranged in a 3x3x2 factorial design. The
harvest was carried out manually by collecting ears in samples of three linear
meters. Grain moisture content of samples was adjusted to 14 %. Sample grain
yield and yield components were determined (100 grain weight, single grain
weight, number of grains per square meter and number of ears per square meter.
Analysis of variance was then carried out and the results for the variables (grain
yield, grain weight, number of grains and number of ears per square meter) were
compared. It was concluded that higher populations resulted in yield increases of
up to 18% for the treatment of 105.000 plants compared to 65,000 plants (16.124
vs 12.985 kg ha). For the variable distance between rows, significantly higher
results were obtained in the yield in favor of 38 cm, increasing the final yield by
15% (15.354 vs 13.017 kg ha). It was also concluded that the hybrids used,
despite having different strategies in the process of yield formation producing
more grains per m2 or heavier grains, did not show significant differences on the
total yield (14.410; 14.129; 14.018 kg ha for DK 72.10, NEXT 22.6 and NEXT
20.6 respectively). It was concluded that, under non limiting hydric and nutritional
conditions, higher yields were achieved cultivating modern hybrids with high
production potential, since radiation interception is improved by a reduction in the
distance between rows and an increase in sowing density.Densidad de siembra, distancia entre hileras e hÃbridos y su efecto sobre el rendimiento en grano de maÃz (Zea mays L.) y sus componentes [texto impreso] / Juan Pablo Pontet, Autor ; MarÃa Josefina Trobo, Autor ; MatÃas Guigou, Autor . - Fca - Ude, 2020 . - 89 p.
Tutores: Carballo, Carolina; Artigas, Manuel
Idioma : Español (spa) Idioma original : Español (spa)
Palabras clave: high yield corn, plant spacing, irrigated agriculture, crop structure. Resumen: Corn (Zea mays) is among the three cereals with the highest production volume
worldwide. It is used as human food, animal feed, in bioethanol industry,
biomaterials and milling among others. In addition it possesses high yield and
growth potential, great biomass production, it is very efficient in growing and
yielding, but very sensitive to stress, hence its high ability to respond under
appropriate management practices. The objective of this research was to
evaluate the grain yield in kilograms per hectare under different plant spacings
(distance between rows*population), using different hybrids (NEXT 20.6, NEXT
22.6, DK 7210). The experimental area of 3.6 ha comprised three blocks of 1.2
ha each, and sowing was carried out on September 28, 2018 in a farm near the
city of Dolores, Soriano, Uruguay. It was established on a corn stubble, in an
environment with a high agricultural potential, with a central pivot irrigation
system and under optimal fertilization levels according to previous soil analysis.
The experiment was laid out in three partially randomized blocks, with split-split
plots, consisting of 18 treatments arranged in a 3x3x2 factorial design. The
harvest was carried out manually by collecting ears in samples of three linear
meters. Grain moisture content of samples was adjusted to 14 %. Sample grain
yield and yield components were determined (100 grain weight, single grain
weight, number of grains per square meter and number of ears per square meter.
Analysis of variance was then carried out and the results for the variables (grain
yield, grain weight, number of grains and number of ears per square meter) were
compared. It was concluded that higher populations resulted in yield increases of
up to 18% for the treatment of 105.000 plants compared to 65,000 plants (16.124
vs 12.985 kg ha). For the variable distance between rows, significantly higher
results were obtained in the yield in favor of 38 cm, increasing the final yield by
15% (15.354 vs 13.017 kg ha). It was also concluded that the hybrids used,
despite having different strategies in the process of yield formation producing
more grains per m2 or heavier grains, did not show significant differences on the
total yield (14.410; 14.129; 14.018 kg ha for DK 72.10, NEXT 22.6 and NEXT
20.6 respectively). It was concluded that, under non limiting hydric and nutritional
conditions, higher yields were achieved cultivating modern hybrids with high
production potential, since radiation interception is improved by a reduction in the
distance between rows and an increase in sowing density.Ejemplares
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